WHOIS (RADB)

Websitehttps://www.radb.net/
CategoryLive Runtime Lookups

We perform live WHOIS queries to the Route Arbiter Database (RADB) and authoritative internet registries for real-time IP address and ASN ownership information. Unlike pre-compiled databases that may be hours or days old, live WHOIS queries return the current registration state directly from the authoritative source. This data powers ownership information on robtex.com, rtsak.com, and dns.ninja.

Source:WHOIS (RADB)

What is WHOIS via RADB?

WHOIS is one of the oldest protocols on the internet (RFC 3912), providing a directory service for internet resource registrations. When you need to know who controls an IP address or AS number right now, a WHOIS query to the appropriate registry returns the authoritative answer.

The WHOIS ecosystem involves multiple registries:

  • RADB (Route Arbiter Database) - Operated by Merit Network, RADB mirrors data from multiple registries and serves as a unified query point. It contains over a million objects from registries worldwide
  • RIR WHOIS servers - Each Regional Internet Registry (ARIN, RIPE, APNIC, LACNIC, AFRINIC) operates authoritative WHOIS servers for resources they have allocated
  • National registries - Some countries operate their own registries (e.g., JPNIC for Japan, KRNIC for Korea) with more detailed local information

A live WHOIS query for an IP address returns the registration record including the network block it belongs to, the organization that holds the allocation, abuse contacts, creation and modification dates, and the status of the allocation. For AS numbers, WHOIS returns the aut-num object with organization details, contacts, and routing policy.

The key advantage of live queries over static databases is immediacy. IP space transfers, organizational changes, and updated contact information are reflected in WHOIS as soon as the registry processes the update. Static databases imported on a schedule may miss recent changes.

WHOIS queries use TCP port 43 and return plain text responses. Modern alternatives like RDAP (Registration Data Access Protocol) provide structured JSON responses, but traditional WHOIS remains the most widely supported and queried protocol for internet resource lookups.

How We Use This Data

On robtex.com, rtsak.com, and dns.ninja, we perform live WHOIS queries to provide current ownership information for IP addresses and AS numbers. When you look up an IP address, we query the appropriate WHOIS server to retrieve the authoritative registration record.

Live queries are performed on demand when a user requests a lookup, ensuring the most current data is displayed. This is particularly important for:

  • Recently transferred resources - IP blocks and ASNs that have changed hands appear with their new ownership immediately in live WHOIS, while pre-imported databases may still show the previous holder
  • Updated contacts - Abuse contact changes are critical for security incident reporting and are reflected in real-time WHOIS
  • Allocation status changes - Resources that change from allocated to assigned (or vice versa) are accurately reflected

We route queries through RADB when possible, as it provides a single query point that mirrors multiple registries. For resources where more detailed information is available from the authoritative RIR, we query the RIR directly.

FAQ

Why use live WHOIS queries when you already import static registration databases?
Static imports provide fast lookups for bulk enrichment and are ideal for pre-computing data across the entire IP space. Live WHOIS queries provide real-time accuracy for individual lookups where having the most current data matters. We use both: static imports for breadth and speed, live queries for freshness and depth when a user specifically looks up a resource.
What is RADB's role compared to the RIR WHOIS servers?
RADB mirrors route objects, aut-num objects, and related records from many registries into a single queryable database. This is convenient because you can query one server instead of figuring out which RIR manages a particular resource. However, RADB may not carry every object type available from the authoritative RIR, and there can be a short synchronization delay. For the most complete and authoritative data, querying the RIR directly is preferred.
Are there rate limits on WHOIS queries?
Yes, all major WHOIS servers impose rate limits to prevent abuse and excessive automated querying. RIPE allows generous query rates but may throttle heavy users. ARIN is more restrictive and requires agreeing to terms of service for bulk queries. RADB has its own limits. We respect these limits by caching responses and using pre-imported static data for bulk operations, reserving live WHOIS queries for individual user-initiated lookups.